Classification of advanced human cancers based on tumor immunity in the microenvironment (TIME) for cancer immunotherapy

Y Zhang, L Chen - JAMA oncology, 2016 - jamanetwork.com
The development of inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death 1/B7 homolog 1 (PD-
1/B7-H1)(PD) pathway, a mechanism adaptively used by tumors to evade the immune
response, has been groundbreaking in the treatment of a broad spectrum of advanced
cancers, especially solid tumors. Antibody blockade of the PD pathway (anti-PD therapy)
repairs this immune deficit in the tumor microenvironment, producing previously unseen
durable responses in many patients with advanced-stage cancers, but a large fraction of …